UNIT 13: Festivals

I. TỪ VỰNG (VOCABULARY):

STT	Từ mới	Phân loại	Phiên âm	Định nghĩa
1	water - fetching	(n)	/ˈwɔːtə(r)/ /ˈfetʃɪŋ/	lấy nước
2	fire - making	(n)	/ˈfaɪə(r)/ /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/	tạo lửa
3	rice - cooking	(n)	/raɪs//ˈkʊkɪŋ/	nấu cơm
4	competition	(n)	/ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/	cuộc thi
5	grand prize	(NP)	/ɡrænd/ /praɪz/	giải thưởng lớn
6	award	(v), (n)	/əˈwɔːd/	phần thưởng, thưởng, tặng, phạt
7	pomegranate	(n)	/ˈpɒmɪɡrænɪt/	quả lựu
8	Church	(n)	/tʃɜːtʃ/	nhà thờ
9	unsuitable	(adj)	/ʌnˈsuːtəbl/	không phù hợp
10	Saint	(n)	/seɪnt/	vị Thánh
11	jolly	(adj)	/ˈdʒɒli/	vui vẻ, vui nhộn
12	description	(n)	/dɪˈskrɪpʃn/	sự mô tả
13	communal house	(NP)	/kəˈmjuːnl/ /haʊs/	nhà chung
14	rub	(v)	/rʌb/	chà, cọ xát

II. ĐIỂM NGỮ PHÁP (LANGUAGE FOCUS):

1. Passive forms: be + participle

- Present simple: am / is / are + pp

E.g: This room is cleaned everyday by my mother.

- Past simple: was / were + pp

E.g: On our way home we were stopped by the police.

2. Compound words: rice – cooking, fire – making, etc.

Các từ ghép là các từ cá nhân (hoặc cụm từ hành động như các từ cá nhân) được tạo thành từ hai hoặc nhiều từ hoạt động cùng nhau. Chúng có thể thuộc nhiều loại từ loại, bao gồm danh từ, động từ, tính từ, trạng từ và thậm chí giới từ như inside, outside, within và without.

E.g: It’s a bull – fighting contest.

3. Reported speech:

- Là câu tường thuật (reported speech), hay còn gọi là câu gián tiếp (indirect speech) là câu dùng để thuật lại lời nói trực tiếp của một ai đó.

Nguyên tắc đổi chủ ngữ và đại ngữ đại từ nhân xưng trong câu tường thuật

Câu trực tiếp (DIRECT SPEECH)	Câu tường thuật (REPORTED SPEECH)
I / me	She, He / Her, Him
We / our	They / Them
You / you	I, We / Me, Us

Nguyên tắc lùi thì động từ chính trong câu tường thuật:

Câu trực tiếp (DIRECT SPEECH)	Câu tường thuật (REPORTED SPEECH)
Simple present	Simple past
Present progressive	Past progressive
Present perfect (Progressive)	Past perfect (progressive)
Simple past / past perfect	Past perfect
Will / Shall	Would / Should
Can / May	Could / Might

Nguyên tắc đổi các đại từ chỉ định, trạng từ chỉ thời gian và địa điểm

Câu trực tiếp (DIRECT SPEECH)	Câu tường thuật (REPORTED SPEECH)
Today	That day
Yesterday	The day before
The day before yesterday	Two day before
Tomorrow	The next / the following day
Next + Time	The following + Time
Last + Time	The previous + Time
Time + ago	Time + before

 

III. BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG (Exercise):

Exercise 1: Complete the sentences. Use the passive forms of the verbs in the box. Decide whether the time in past, present or future.

put    make       perform        write         hold       award        decorate

 

a)   Christmas songs_____________ for people in towns and villages eight hundred years ago.

b)  On Christmas Eve in the early 1500s, a free______________ and_______ in the market place in the Latvian city of Riga.

c)  In the rice-cooking festival, a fire______________ in the traditional way.

d)  An English-speaking contest______________________ at Nguyen Hue School next month.

e) The first prize___________ to the Mekong Team just after the final match yesterday.

f)    The Christmas carol “Silent Night, Holy Night” ________________________  in Austria by Franz Gruber in the 19th century.

Exercise 2: Complete the conversation. Use the verbs in the box:

 

break (2)       jumble        scatter          pull

 

Hanh: Mom! Something has happened to our kitchen

Mrs.Thanh : What’s wrong ?

Hanh: Mom!Look. The cupboard is open and everything has been (1) __________

Mrs.Thanh: Oh, no. The jar I like has been (2)  __________

Hanh: Many bowls and dishes have been (3)  __________, too.And look at this, Mom. The dried mushrooms have been (4)  __________ all over the floor.

Mrs.Thanh : And where is the pan of fish I left on the stove?

Hanh: Here it is. It has been (5)  __________ into the sink. The fish has gone.

Mrs.Thanh : Who has done all this?

Hanh: Mom, it must have been the cat !

Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentences in your exercise book. Use a compound word in your sentences:

Example: It is a contest in which participants have to cook rice.

=> It’s a rice – cooking contest.

1. It is a contest in which participants have to cook rice.

It is …………………………………………………………

2. It is a contest in which participants have to make a fire.

It is ……………………………………………………………..

3. The United States has a big industry that makes cars.

The ………………………………………………………………

4. Last week Tran Hung Dao School held a contest in which students arranged flowers as attractively as they could.

Last week …………………………………………………………………………………………….

5. Viet Nam is a country which exports a lot of rice.

Viet Nam ………………………………………………………………..

6. This is a machine which is used to wash clothes.

This is …………………………………………………………………..

Exercise 4: Yesterday Lan’s grandmother, Mrs. Thu, needed a plumber. A man came to her door. Report what the man told Mrs. Thu.

1. “I am a plumber.” He said ……………………………………………………..

2. “I can fix the faucet.” He said ……………………………………………………..

3. “The pipes are broken.” He said …………………………………………………….

4. “New pipes are very expensive.” He said ……………………………………………

5. “You must pay me now.” He said to me ……………………………………………