UNIT 8: Celebrations

I. TỪ VỰNG (VOCABULARY):

II. ĐIỂM NGỮ PHÁP (LANGUAGE FOCUS):

1. Relative clauses:

a) WHO:

– Làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người.

… N (person) + WHO + V + O

E.g: The person I love the most in this world is my mom who is a dedicated teacher.

b) WHOM:

Làm tân ngữ, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người.

… N (person) + WHOM + S + V

c) WHICH:

Làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật.

… N (thing) + WHICH + V +O

… N (thing) + WHICH + S + V

E.g: I really want to travel to Korea which has a lot of delicious street food.

d) THAT:

Làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ, thay cho cả danh từ chỉ người và danh từ chỉ vật,

E.g: Sarah keeps talking about the film which / that she saw yesterday.

* Các trường hợp dùng “that”:

– Khi đi sau các hình thức so sánh nhất,

– Khi đi sau các từ: only, the first, the last.

– Khi danh từ đi trước bao gồm cả người và vật.

– Khi đi sau các đại từ bất định, đại từ phủ định, đại từ chỉ số lượng: no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anything, anybody, someone, something, somebody, some, any, little, none.

* Các trường hợp không dùng that:

– Trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định.

– sau giới từ

e) WHOSE:

– Chỉ sự sở hữu của cả người và vật.

… N (person, thing) + WHOSE + N + V …

E.g: Mr. Lam whose son has received a scholarship is very proud.

f) WHEN

( + on / at / in which): Thay cho danh từ chỉ thời gian.

… N (time) + WHEN + S + V

… (WHEN = ON / IN / AT + WHICH)

E.g: Tell me time when (=at which) we can depart.

g) WHERE

(= at / in / from / on which): Thay cho danh từ chỉ nơi chốn/

E.g: Next month I will come back to the place where my mom was born.

h) WHY

(= for which): Dùng để chỉ lý do, thay cho the reason, for that reason.

E.g: That is the reason why (=for which) the flight was delayed.

2. Adverb clauses of concession:

– Mệnh đề chỉ sự nhượng bộ bắt đầu bằng các liên từ “Although”, “Though”, “Even though”, “in spite of”, “despite”.

E.g: Although / (Even) though there is a lot of noise in this city, I prefer living here,

E.g: In spite of / Despite the rain, the football match wasn’t canceled.

III. BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG (Exercise):

Exercise 1: Join the sentences. Use relative clauses:

1. Auld Lang Syne is a song. Auld Lang Syne is sung on New Year’s Eve.

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2. This watch is a gift. The watch was given to me by my aunt on my 14th birthday.

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3. My friend Tom can compose songs. Tom sings Western folk songs very well.

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4. We often go to the town cultural house. The town cultural house always opens on public holidays.

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5. I like reading books. Books tell about different peoples and their cultures.

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Exercise 2: Join the sentences. Use the words in brackets. The first is done for you:

1. Thu Ha is not satisfied with her preparations for Tet. Thu Ha has decorated her house and made plenty of cakes. (Even though)

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2. We don’t have a Mother’s Day in Viet Nam. Dad and I have special gifts and parties for my mom every year on the 8th of March. (although)

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3. We went to Ha Noi to watch the parade on National Day last year. We live in Nam Dinh. (Even though)

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4. Many tourists enjoy festivals in Viet Nam. Tourists do not understand Vietnamese culture very much. (though)

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5. In Australia. Christmas season is in summer. The Australians enjoy Christmas as much as people in European countries do. (even though)

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6. Jim could see the main part of the show. He came to show late due to the traffic jam. (although)

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