UNIT 4: DISASTER

I.       TÓM TẮT LÝ THUYẾT

1.        Nội dung

Function: Talk about disasters; Give advice on what to do in a disaster; Talk about the dangers of disasters and what you should do

Grammar: Wh-questions; Prepositions of place and movement

Pronunciation: Sound changes for “…was…”; Sentence stress for negative advice

Listening and Speaking Skills:

• Listening: (for organization / details) … to two students talking about disaster safety tips
• Speaking: Disasters Quiz Show; Making a poster for disaster safety tips
• Conversation Skill: Working through tasks in groups

Reading and Writing Skills:

• Reading: (for details / to find differences / choose best heading) … an emergency announcement
• Writing: … an emergency announcement

II.   BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

Lesson 1

Pronunciation

Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.

1.

A. month             

B. other                  

C. stomach             

D. move

2.

A. flood               

B. food                  

C. typhoon             

D. moon

3.

A. nut                  

B. mud                  

C. rule                   

D. cut

4.

A. boot                

B. spoon                

C. good                  

D. zoo

5.

A. thunder           

B. hundred             

C. sudden              

D. June

Vocabulary

a. Match the words or phrases: to their definitions.

1. a flood

2. a drought

3. a typhoon

4. a heat wave

5. an earthquake

A. Heavy rains cause this to happen.
B. This is a typical storm in tropical regions.
C. This is the violent shaking of the earth’s surface.
D. This happens when there is unusually hot weather.
E. Plants, trees, and animals die because of this long period with no rain.

b. Complete the text using the words in the boxes.

avalanche           typhoon           landslide           tsunami           blizzard

Welcome back to Radio Weather News. There were a lot of natural events yesterday. Cars, motorbikes and other vehicles got stuck in a 6) __________ on the west side of the city because of heavy snowfall and a big storm on the highway. In the mountain range there was a (n) 7) __________. A  mass of ice fell down a slope and caused three people to be injured. Yesterday there was also a 8) __________ on the east side of the city. Its violent winds knocked all the trees down and caused 9) a (n) __________, which blocked many roads. Besides, the earthquake in the ocean caused a 10) __________ on the east coast. What a day of disaster!

Grammar

a. Circle the correct options.

1. Kate: _______ did the tsunami destroy? – Jack: The whole village.

A. Where               

B. Which               

C. What                 

D. Why

2. Jim: _______ was the wave? – Ann: About 10 meters tall.

A. How much       

B. How many        

C. How long          

D. How tall

3. Alex: _______ did the earthquake hit the city? – Tom: At midnight.

A. When                

B. What                 

C. Where               

D. How

4. Kim: _______ was the biggest wildfire? – Ted” In Western Montana, the US.

A. Which               

B. Where               

C. What                 

D. How

5 Ben: _______ did the blizzard cause across the city? – Rosie: A power cut.

A. Which               

B. How                  

C. What                 

D. Why

b. Circle ONE mistake in each sentence.

6. How much damage did the avalanche caused?

1. How
2. much
3. did
4. caused

7. How much people got hurt in the tsunami?

1. much
2. got
3. hurt
4. tsunami?

8. What was you doing when the earthquake hit the city?

1. What
2. was
3. doing
4. hit

9. Ann: “How tall was the wave?” – Ted: “It was over 20 meters long.

1. How
2. was
3. was
4. long.

10. Andy: “How many did it take to stop the tire?” – Ben: “About 3 hours.”

1. How
2. many
3. did
4. tire

Reading

a. Read the text about the weather in the UK. Write T (true), F (false) or DS (doesn’t say).

Extreme weather in the UK

The UK is not only famous for its beauty but also for its extreme weather. Strong winds and storms are examples of severe weather. Those conditions can cause damage to buildings and houses. They can also be dangerous to people. Another example of extreme conditions is drought. Droughts are periods of dry weather. They often happen when there is a lack of rainfall over a long period. They can heavily affect the supply of water and can destroy crops. Floods are also an issue in the UK. Too much rainfall often causes floods in a short period of time. Floods cause damage to houses and buildings, washing away roads and vehicles. People sometimes lose their lives in floods.

According to scientists, global climate change will cause hotter and wetter weather in the UK in the 21st century. Heatwave is a problem in the UK due to climate change. The shocking temperature of the heat wave is the result of greenhouse gases. It causes people to work from home and students to study remotely. Trains become dangerous because the railway can expand and bend in the heat. People might see such extreme heat waves every three years if they continue to produce greenhouse gases.

1. The UK is well-known for its extreme weather. ____
2. Storms in the UK can destroy crops. ____
3. Floods can happen quickly when there is an excessive amount of rain. ____
4. Floods in the UK always take life. ____
5. People in the UK must work from home when there is a heat wave. ____

b. Read the text again. Answer each question with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER.

1. What affects the supply of water? ____
2. What causes floods in a short period of time? ____
3. How will the weather in the UK in the 21st century be? ____
4. What is the result of greenhouse gases? ____
5. How often will the heat waves happen if people keep producing greenhouse gases? ____

Speaking

Read the information about the Great Kanto Earthquake and answer the questions.

The Great Kanto Earthquake

Japan, 1923

A total of 1.38 million people in Tokyo became homeless,

caused a 39-foot high tsunami in the bay

1. Where was the Great Kanto Earthquake?

2. When was the Great Kanto Earthquake?

3. How many people in Tokyo became homeless after the earthquake?

4. What did the Great Kanto Earthquake cause in the bay?

5. How tall was the tsunami caused by the Great Kanto Earthquake?

Writing

a. Put the words in the correct order to make complete sentences.

1 Russia / in / was / The / 2021. / biggest / in / wildfire

2 Chile / May 1960. / hit / The / Great Chilean Earthquake / in

3 four / hundred / At least / died / the / flood. / in / people

4 The / 12 meters / high. / tsunami / was

5 This / is / the / worst / typhoons / one / of / in / history. / American

b. Make questions for the underlined words.

6   Thirteen people got injured in the typhoon.

7   The avalanche took place in the early morning.

8   The blizzard destroyed cereal crops in China.

9   The tsunami took place in the northern coast of the US.

10 People avoided going outside because of the heat wave.

Lesson 2

Pronunciation

Circle the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.

1.

A. extinguisher
B. emergency
C. disaster
D. number

2.

A. world
B. worst
C. work
D. doctor

3.

A. worse
B. visitor
C. color
D. error

4.

A. furniture
B. burn
C. surprise
D. surface

5.

A. power
B. service
C. battery
D. under

Vocabulary

a. Circle the correct options.

1. The old firefighter showed us how to use a fire __________ to stop the fire.
A. extinguisher
B. truck
C. exit
D. alarm

2. Where’s the __________? I need a plaster for her bleeding finger.
A. fire extinguisher
B. first aid kit
C. battery
D. flashlight

3. It’s getting dark outside. We should use a __________.
A. flashlight
B. fire extinguisher
C. first aid kit
D. battery

4. You can call __________ for urgent problems such as crime, fire, or illness.
A. hospitals
B. emergency services
C. companies
D. schools

5. It is necessary to think about an __________ for a disaster.
A. first aid kit
B. emergency services
C. supplies
D. escape plan

b. Complete the weather news using the words in the boxes.

stock up           board up           supplies           batteries           typhoon

Another 6) __________ is going to hit the city. The storm might cause a flood because of heavy rain. Getting ready for an emergency is essential. 7) __________ on some food and drinks. 8) __________ your house because strong winds can break the windows. The storm might also cause a power cut. Prepare some 9) __________ for lighting your house. Accidents might happen during the storm. Buy some medical 10) __________ when emergency services might not be available.

Grammar

a. Complete the sentences with inside, under, outside, to and up.

1. Go _________ the house! The winds are getting stronger.

2. You shouldn’t go _________ on a stormy day.

3. If your house was on fire, you should get out of it really fast and move _________ a safe place.

4. During an earthquake, try to get _________ things such as a table, a desk or a bed.

5. People climbed _________ the hill to avoid the tsunami.

b. Circle the correct options.

1. You should seek shelter _______ a strong table or desk until the shaking stops.
A. to
B. in
C. out
D. under

2. People should work from home instead of going _______ work on a stormy day.
A. inside
B. outside
C. into
D. to

3. Run _______ the hill before the tsunami arrives.
A. in
B. outside
C. into
D. to

4. Due to the road conditions, the authority warned people not to drive _______ flood water.
A. out
B. into
C. up
D. outside

5. Stay _______ your house during a blizzard.
A. inside
B. outside
C. on
D. over

Listening

a. Listen to Dr. Shane’s instruction on how to survive a flood. Fill in each gap with ONE WORD.

Before a flood

Keep a list of 1) ______________ contacts on your phone.

During a flood

Prepare an emergency 2) ______________.

Move to a 3) ______________ and high area.

Never 4) ______________ or drive through flood water.

After a flood

5) ______________ drinking water.

b. Listen again. Write T (true) or F (false).

6) You should check the electrical appliances before using them.   ___

7) You should research your neighborhood for places that might flood.   ___

8) You shouldn’t use more canned food and bottled water.   ___

9) You should bring some blankets with you during a flood.   ___

10) You can leave the safe place to return to your house when the water drops.  ___

Speaking

Complete the presentation using should or shouldn’t.

Good morning, everyone. I would like to share what we should and shouldn’t do during a fire.

First, you 1) ________ shout “Fire” loudly a few times to let everyone know there is a fire.

Second, you 2) ________ call the emergency phone number immediately.

Third, you 3) ________ open the door if you see smoke under it.

Then, you 4) ________ use elevators if you live in an apartment.

Finally, you 5) ________ try to carry everything with you. Get out of the fire first.

Writing

a. Circle ONE mistake in each sentence and correct it.

1. We should keep fire extinguishers on a safe place.

1. keep
2. extinguishers
3. on
4. safe

2. Stay inside a building when it is on fire.

1. Stay
2. inside
3. when
4. on

3. You should move up a safe place during a heavy flood.

1. Should
2. move
3. up
4. during

4. Stock in on emergency items such as first aid kits and supplies.

1. Stock in
2. emergency
3. items
4. first aid kits

5 Stay on a table to protect yourself when an earthquake happens.

1. on
2. protect
3. when
4. happens

b. Put the words in the correct order to make complete sentences.

1. What people should do when an earthquake happens?
2. People should keep calm when a wildfire starts.
3. What should you prepare for a typhoon?
4. We should stock up on supplies and first aid kits.
5. We should never walk or drive into flood water.

Lesson 3

Vocabulary

a. Match each definition or description with the correct word in the box.

1. This means without any delay.
2. This is a piece of work that you have to do.
3. This means to believe something will happen.
4. This means to tell somebody about something.
5. This is to tell you to avoid something bad that may happen in the future.

1. task
2. expert
3. inform
4. warning
5. immediately

b. Complete the conversation using the words in the boxes.

stock up      warning      expect      inform      immediately

Phil: There was a 6) ____________ about another typhoon. It will last for few hours.

Ben: That’s bad! I don’t 7) ____________ it to hit the village.

Phil: I don’t, either. We’ll have to 8) ____________ other people of the news.

Ben: You’re right. And we should do that 9) ____________ before it is too late.

Phil: We also need to 10) ____________ on some food and drinks for emergencies.

Listening

a. Listen to an announcement about a typhoon. Fill in each gap with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER.

Sent: 14:03 1) _____________

What: A typhoon

Where: 2) _____________ city

It might take place for 3) _____________ days.

There will be a power cut during the storm.

The flood water can rise up to

4) _____________ meters high.

Instructions:

Know your 5) _____________ and have an escape plan.

Keep contact numbers of the local emergency services and board up the doors.

b. Listen to the conversation between Jessica and Rita. Circle the correct answers.

1. What was the most useful thing Rita learned from Mr. Park’s presentation?
A. making an escape plan
B. keeping food and drinks
C. boarding up a house
D. keeping a lifeboat

2. What did Jessica think about the workshop when it was over?
A. boring
B. fun
C. terrible
D. informative

3. What idea from the presentation did Jessica like?
A. making an escape plan
B. calling emergency services
C. boarding up a house
D. stocking up on food and drinks

4. What did Mr. Park advise people to do while waiting for the supplies?
A. to stock up
B. to board up
C. to write an escape plan
D. to wait for supplies

5. What should people do if the flood was too high?
A. climb up a tree
B. walk up a hill
C. move upstairs
D. climb up a ladder

Reading

a. Read the emergency announcement about a heat wave. Write T (true), F (false) or DS (doesn’t say).

Sent: 2136 June 3

What: A heat wave

Where: Oakland City

When: From 10:00 June 4 to 16:45 June 9 The heat wave is now going on in the city. The highest temperature may hit 40°C. People with weight and alcohol problems may get heatstroke. The heat wave might affect other systems across the city. Water and electricity shortages may happen during the heat wave.

Instructions:

Wear a hat or carry an umbrella with you if you’re outside.

Get enough water and avoid sugary drinks.

Exercise gently.

Come and see your family, friends and neighbors, especially older people.

If someone gets heatstroke or heat exhaustion, contact the emergency services immediately.

1. There are no power supplies and water during the heat wave. ___
2. Heatstroke is dangerous during the heat wave. ___
3. Bring an umbrella with you if you are out during the heat wave. ___
4. Stay away from sugary drinks during the heat wave. ___
5. Call an emergency service if someone suffers from heatstroke. ___

b. Read the text about blizzards in China. Answer each question with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the text.

China is one of the countries that experiences the most blizzards in the world. Blizzards frequently hit the central and southern regions of the country. The year 2008 saw one of the worst blizzards in its history. It happened between January 25 and February 6 and killed 129 people. According to official records, the country did not experience its worst winter months in more than two decades. Experts in meteorology said that La Nina, a weather phenomenon, could be the cause of the blizzard. Millions of crops failed, and livestock died in the snowstorm. Also, it caused enormous damage to the national electricity grid. The power cut happened in Fuzhou in about three weeks. There was no power or water supply in Chenzhou for nearly two weeks. According to officials, it took five months to fully fix the electricity grid.

1. When did the country experience its worst blizzard?
2. How many people died from the blizzard?
3. What could be the cause of the blizzard?
4. What died in the blizzard?
5. How long did Fuzhou experience the power cut?

Speaking

Complete the conversation using the sentences in the box.

Mia How was your science class, Ben?

Ben It was exciting, and I finished it last week.

Mia 1) _____________________________________

Ben It was about natural disasters like tsunamis, earthquakes, avalanches and many more.

Mia 2) _____________________________________

Ben It is like a very large wave from the sea and often comes after an earthquake.

Mia 3) _____________________________________

Ben I don’t know. But the biggest tsunami in history was over 500 meters tall.

Mia 4) _____________________________________

Ben It was on July 9, 1958.

Mia 5) _____________________________________

Ben Yes, it was.

A Ah, It was a long time ago.

B Good for you. What exactly did you learn in that class?

C What is a tsunami, Ben? It sounds strange to me.

D How tall is a tsunami?

E Oh really? And when did it happen, Ben?

Writing

a. Read the emergency announcement. Fill in the gaps using the words from the boxes. There is one extra word.

Sent: 23:14 May 30

What: A tropical storm

Where: Baytown City

When: From 7:50 June 1 to 23:00 June 4

A tropical storm from the ocean is getting stronger and will soon become a 1) ___________.

We don’t expect any 2) ___________.

Instructions:

Make an emergency plan for

your family.

Get a first aid kit and some 3) ___________ food.

Always stay 4) ___________ during the typhoon.

Do not walk or drive into flood waters.

Pay 5) ___________ to emergency information and alerts.

b. Write an emergency annoucement about a typhoon. Write 80-100 words or more.