UNIT 10: Recycling

I. TỪ VỰNG (VOCABULARY):

STT	Từ mới	Phân loại	Phiên âm	Định nghĩa
1	wrap	(v)	/ræp/	gói
2	fertilizer	(n)	/ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə(r)/	phân bón
3	overpackaged	(adj)	/ˌəʊ.vəˈpæk.ɪdʒd/	được đóng gói quá nhiều
4	fabric	(n)	/ˈfæbrɪk/	vải vóc
5	compost	(v)	/ˈkɒmpɒst/	phân hữu cơ
6	melt	(v)	/melt/	tan chảy
7	glassware	(VP)	/ˈɡlɑːsweə(r)/	đồ thủy tinh
8	soak	(v)	/səʊk/	ngâm
9	press	(v)	/pres/	ấn
10	mixture	(n)	/ˈmɪkstʃə(r)/	chất hỗn hợp
11	firmly	(n)	/ˈfɜːmli/	chắc chắn
12	scatter	(adj)	/ˈskætə(r)/	rải rác, phân tán
13	detergent	(adj)	/dɪˈtɜːdʒənt/	chất tẩy rửa
14	stir	(v)	/stɜː(r)/	khuấy
15	mankind	(n)	/treɪs/	dấu, vết, vết tích, dấu hiệu
16	confirm	(v)	/kənˈfɜːm/	xác nhận
17	deposit	(n)	/dɪˈpɒzɪt/	tiền đặt cọc

II. ĐIỂM NGỮ PHÁP (LANGUAGE FOCUS):

1. Passive forms:

- Present simple: am / is / are + pp

E.g: This room is cleaned everyday by my mother.

- Present progressive: am / is / are + being + pp

E.g: A new swimming pool is being built (by them)

- Present perfect: have / has + been + pp

E.g: Oil has been discovered at the North Pole.

- Past simple: was / were + pp

E.g: On our way home we were stopped by the police.

- Past perfect: had + been + pp

E.g: All the documents had been destroyed when we arrived.

- Past progressive: was / were + being + pp

E.g: Dinner was being cooked at that time.

2. Adjectives followed by: an infinitive, a noun clause:

a) Adjectives + (to – infinitive):

+ Động từ nguyên mẫu (to – infinitive) thường được sử dụng:

+ Sau các tính từ diễn tả phản ứng và cảm xúc như: glad, sorry, sad, delighted, pleased, happy, afraid, anxious, surprised, shocked, …

E.g: He’s afraid to stay home at night.

        I’m very pleased to see you here.

- Sau một số tính từ thông dụng khác như: right, wrong, easy, difficult, certain, welcome, good, hard, dangerous, safe, …, và sau các tính từ trong cấu trúc enough và too.

E.g: He is difficult to understand.

       The apples are ripe enough to pick.

- Sau tính từ trong cấu trúc câu nhấn mạnh với chủ ngữ giả it.

It + be + adjective + to – infinitive.

E.g: It’s interesting to talk to you.

b) Adjective + noun clause (tính từ + mệnh đề danh từ)

Một cách để paraphrase mệnh đề danh từ thường đi kèm với các tính từ diễn tả cảm xúc: sorry, afraid, anxious, worried, confident, certain, surprising,…

Subject + be + adjective + noun clause (that – clause)

E.g: I am delighted that you passed your exam.

III. BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG (Exercise):

Exercise 1: Read a guide on how to recycle glass. Look at the instructions, rewrite them in the passive form and put the pictures in the correct order:

a) Break the glass into small pieces.

=> The glass is broken into small pieces.

b) Then wash the glass with a detergent liquid.

=> ___________________________________________________________.

c) Dry the glass pieces completely.

=> ___________________________________________________________.

d) Mix them with certain specific chemicals.

=> ___________________________________________________________.

e) Melt the mixture until it becomes a liquid.

=> ___________________________________________________________.

f) Use a long pipe, dip it into the liquid, then blow the liquid into intended shapes.

=> ___________________________________________________________.

 

Exercise 2: A famous inventor, Dr. Kim, is going to build a time machine. One of his assistants, Hai, is asking him questions about the invention. Complete the dialogue. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets:

Hai: When (0) will the project be started, Doctor? (start)

Dr. Kim: Very soon.

Hai: Many people want to see the time machine.

Dr. Kim: Yes. It (1) __________________to the public when  it is finished. (show)

Hai: (2) _____________ it _________by the end of the year, Doctor? (build)

Dr. Kim: I'm afraid not, but it (3) _____before Tet. (finish)

Hai: (4) __________ it _________by you? (make)

Dr. Kim: No, I need you to build it. When can you start?

Hai: Let’s begin tomorrow.

Exercise 3: Complete the dialogues. Use the words in the box:

easy / understand        dangerous / go         difficult / follow hard / believe               important / wait

 

a) Ba: Turn right, then left, then right and then left again.

    Nam: It’s (0) difficult to follow your directions.

              Can you start again, please?

b) Mr. Dao: Can you do the exercise, Hoa?

    Hoa: Yes, Mr. Dao. It’s (1) __________________________.

c) Lan: In the future, mankind might live on the moon.

    Nga: Really? It’s (2) ________________________________.

d) Mrs. Thoa: Stop, Tuan! It’s (3) _______________________.

    Tuan: Sorry, Mom.

e) Hoa: Should I stir the mixture, Aunt Thanh?

    Aunt Thanh: No, It’s (4) __________________ for five minutes.

 

Exercise 4: Complete the letter. Use the correct forms of the verb be and adjectives in the box:

Dear Nam,

Your grandfather and I (0) are delighted that you passed your English exam. Congratulations!

Aunt Mai (1) ________________ that you remembered her birthday last week. She told me you gave her a beautiful scarf.

I (2) ______________ that your mother is feeling better. Please give her my love.

We're looking forward to seeing you in June. However, grandfather (3) ______________ the day is wrong. (4) ________ you _______ that you're arriving on Saturday 20th?

I (5) ________________ that there are no trains from Ha Noi on Saturday.

Write soon and confirm your arrival date and time.

Love,

Grandma